Republic of Peru is the 3rd largest country in South America, located in its central and western part, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Peru borders with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, with Chile to the south and with Brazil and Bolivia to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

The portions of the landmass that lie south of the Isthmus of Panama became known as South America. Today, South America is home to the citizens of Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Paraguay.